hskmc differentiation medium dm (PromoCell)
Structured Review

Hskmc Differentiation Medium Dm, supplied by PromoCell, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 30 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/hskmc differentiation medium dm/product/PromoCell
Average 94 stars, based on 30 article reviews
Images
1) Product Images from "Schisandrae fructus enhances myogenic differentiation and inhibits atrophy through protein synthesis in human myotubes"
Article Title: Schisandrae fructus enhances myogenic differentiation and inhibits atrophy through protein synthesis in human myotubes
Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine
doi: 10.2147/IJN.S101299
Figure Legend Snippet: SF-induced differentiation in HSkMCs. Notes: ( A ) SF was treated with various concentrations (0.1 μg/mL, 0.5 μg/mL, 1 μg/mL, 5 μg/mL, and 10 μg/mL) in growth medium. Two days after treatment, HSkMCs were counted. As a result, SF did not induce proliferation. ( B and C ) SF (0.1 μg/mL, 0.5 μg/mL, 1 μg/mL, 5 μg/mL, and 10 μg/mL) was treated with DM and changed with fresh DM every 2 days. HSkMCs were photographed three times every 2 days. For observing differentiation efficiency, fusion index and myotube area were analyzed. ( D ) Eight days after differentiation induction with SF, HSkMCs were photographed. A total of 0.5 μg/mL of SF significantly induced more differentiation. All data represented mean ± SEM (n=3). *Symbol indicates P <0.05 compared to control. Abbreviations: DM, differentiation medium; HSkMCs, human skeletal muscle cells; SF, Schisandrae fructus.
Techniques Used:
Figure Legend Snippet: SF increased protein synthesis through mTOR/P70S6K and 4E-BP1 signaling. Notes: ( A ) SF (0.5 μg/mL) was treated with differentiation medium. HSkMCs’ differentiation was induced for 1 day, 2 days, and 4 days. Phosphorylation and expression of mTOR, P70S6K, and 4E-BP1 were observed for Western blot. GAPDH expression was analyzed to identify equal loading. ( B – D ) Levels of mTOR activation (phosphorylation) were normalized to the levels of GAPDH. Phosphorylation of P70S6K and 4E-BP1 was normalized to the levels of each total protein. All data represented mean ± SEM (n=3). *Symbol indicates P <0.05. Abbreviations: 4E-BP1, 4E-binding protein1; HSkMCs, human skeletal muscle cells; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; p-4E-BP1, phosphorylated 4E-BP1; p-P70S6K, phosphorylated P70S6K; P70S6K, 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase; SF, Schisandrae fructus; SEM, standard error of mean; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Techniques Used: Expressing, Western Blot, Activation Assay, Binding Assay
Figure Legend Snippet: SF inhibited muscle atrophy through increasing protein synthesis. Notes: At 2 days of differentiation, atrophy of myotubes was induced by 100 μM DEX for 4 days, and DM was changed to fresh DM with SF every 2 days. ( A – C ) In the last 6 days after induction of differentiation, HSkMCs were photographed three times per group. For observing differentiation efficiency, fusion index and myotube area were analyzed. All data represented mean ± SEM (n=3). *Symbol indicates P <0.05 compared to control. # Symbol represents P <0.05 compared to DEX treatment alone. ( D ) Myotubes were fluorescence stained with anti-MYH (red) and DAPI (blue), which was observed as a marker of late differentiation. ( E and F ) Examples of representative Western blot were shown for MYH, p-P70S6K, P70S6K p-4E-BP1, 4E-BP1, GAPDH, and MuRF1. Levels of MYH, MuRF1, p-P70S6K, and p-4E-BP1 were normalized to the levels of GAPDH or total protein. Abbreviations: DEX, dexamethasone; DM, differentiation medium; 4E-BP1, 4E-binding protein1; HSkMCs, human skeletal muscle cells; MuRF1, muscle RING finger 1; MYH, myosin heavy chain; p-4E-BP1, phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1; p-P70S6K, phosphorylated P70S6K; P70S6K, 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase; SF, Schisandrae fructus; SEM, standard error of mean; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Techniques Used: Fluorescence, Staining, Marker, Western Blot, Binding Assay